Kunnamkulam

Kunnamkulam, a bustling municipal town in the Thrissur district of Kerala, is a unique destination that defies the typical quietude of Kerala’s backwater towns. Known as the commercial gateway of the region, it is a place where history, religion, and industry converge. For the uninitiated traveler, Kunnamkulam might appear as a busy marketplace, but beneath its commercial exterior lies a deep-rooted cultural heritage that spans centuries.

The town’s name is derived from the Malayalam words “Kunnu” (Hill) and “Kulam” (Pond), reflecting its geographical layout of rolling hills interspersed with serene water bodies. Strategically located about 23 kilometers from Thrissur city, Kunnamkulam has long served as a vital link between the northern and southern parts of Kerala. Today, it is recognized globally for its vibrant printing industry and its status as a historic center for the Orthodox Syrian Christian community.

History & Culture of Kunnamkulam

The history of Kunnamkulam is a fascinating tapestry of ancient lineages and colonial influences. Historically, the town was part of the Punnathur chiefdom, a branch of the Talappilli Rajas. Its evolution into a major commercial center was significantly influenced by the settlement of Syrian Christian (Nasrani) families.

In the late 18th century, during the invasion of Tipu Sultan, many Christian families migrated from Chattukulangare to Kunnamkulam. The Talappilli Rajas welcomed them, providing land for homes and churches. This led to a unique urban layout where “Angadi Houses”—residential buildings with shops in the front and living quarters in the rear—lined the main streets.

Culturally, Kunnamkulam is a beacon of religious harmony. It is home to some of the oldest churches in India, yet it maintains deep ties with Hindu and Muslim traditions. The town’s social fabric is defined by mutual respect, evidenced by the “Ambala Palli,” a church that retains the architectural characteristics of a temple. This spirit of coexistence is most visible during the local “Perunaals” (church feasts) and “Poorams” (temple festivals), where people of all faiths participate with equal fervor.

What Kunnamkulam Is Famous For

Kunnamkulam holds several titles that make it a point of interest for travelers and researchers alike.

The Printing Hub of Kerala

If you have ever used a school notebook or an almanac in Kerala, chances are it was manufactured here. Kunnamkulam is the “Printing Capital” of the state. The industry began in the 1860s with the establishment of the Vidya Ratna Prabha Press. Today, the town is filled with thousands of small and large-scale printing units, bookbinding houses, and units manufacturing Christmas stars and greeting cards.

Historic Churches and Religious Landmarks

The town is a significant pilgrimage site for the Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church. The Arthat St. Mary’s Cathedral is one of the most ancient and historically significant churches in Kerala, believed to have been visited by St. Thomas the Apostle.

Commercial Hub and Markets

Beyond paper products, Kunnamkulam is famous for its bustling markets dealing in areca nut, textiles, and traditional snacks. Its unique “Angadi” street culture, where trade and domestic life happen under one roof, provides a glimpse into the traditional Kerala mercantile system.

Things to Do in Kunnamkulam

Explore the Historic Angadi Streets

Walking through the old market streets of Kunnamkulam is like stepping back in time. Observe the unique architecture of the row houses and explore the narrow lanes filled with the scent of fresh paper and local spices.

Visit the Printing Presses

For those interested in industrial heritage, visiting a local printing press offers a behind-the-scenes look at how millions of books are produced. The rhythm of the vintage machines mixed with modern digital printers creates a unique atmosphere.

Attend a Local Festival

If your visit coincides with the Kunnamkulam Pooram or the Arthat Perunaal, you are in for a sensory treat. The festivals feature grand processions, traditional percussion ensembles (Melam), and vibrant street decorations.

Photography and Sunset Views

Head to the nearby hills like Kallaayi Kunnu or the bypass view points for stunning panoramic views of the lush Kerala landscape. The contrast between the busy town and the quiet green outskirts is perfect for photography.

Places to Visit in Kunnamkulam

Arthat St. Mary’s Cathedral

This is perhaps the most iconic landmark in the area. Known as the “Mother of all Churches” in the region, the cathedral’s architecture is a blend of Kerala and colonial styles. Its history is closely tied to the very origins of Christianity in India.

Kudakkallu Parambu

Located a few kilometers away in Chiramanangad, this is a prehistoric megalithic burial site. It features “Kudakkallu” (umbrella stones) and “Thoppikkallu” (hat stones) that date back over 2,000 years, offering a hauntingly beautiful glimpse into the Iron Age.

Chowannur Cave Temple

This ancient rock-cut cave is a protected monument. It is a prime example of the rock-cut architecture prevalent in ancient Kerala, likely used by monks or for spiritual practices centuries ago.

Punnathur Kotta (Elephant Sanctuary)

Situated about 7 kilometers from the town center, this is a must-visit for animal lovers. It is the world’s largest elephant sanctuary, housing over 50 elephants belonging to the Guruvayur Temple.

Travel Guide to Kunnamkulam

Best time to visit Kunnamkulam

The ideal time to visit is from October to March. During these months, the weather is pleasant with temperatures ranging between 20°C and 30°C. This period also coincides with major festivals like the Arthat Perunaal and the Kunnamkulam Pooram.

How to reach Kunnamkulam

By Air: The nearest airport is Cochin International Airport (COK), approximately 80 kilometers away. Alternatively, Calicut International Airport (CCJ) is about 85 kilometers from the town. By Train: The nearest major railway stations are Guruvayur (8 km) and Thrissur (23 km). Thrissur is a major rail head connected to all major cities in India. By Road: Kunnamkulam is well-connected by KSRTC and private buses. It lies on the highway connecting Thrissur to Kozhikode and Ponnani.

Entry fees or ticket details

Most religious sites like Arthat Cathedral do not charge an entry fee, though donations are welcome. The Punnathur Kotta elephant sanctuary has a nominal entry fee (approx. INR 10–20 for Indians and slightly higher for foreigners). Megalithic sites like Kudakkallu Parambu are generally free to enter.

Local food, cuisine, or specialties

Don’t leave without trying the Kerala Beef Roast with Porotta, a local favorite. The town is also known for its traditional snacks like “Achappam” and “Kuzhalappam.” The Indian Coffee House near the hospital is a great spot for a nostalgic breakfast of Beetroot-laden Masala Dosa and filtered coffee.

Accommodation options

• Budget: Numerous tourist homes and lodges are available near the bus stand, such as Liwa Tower.

• Mid-range: Many travelers prefer staying in Guruvayur (8 km away), which offers better hospitality options like Gokulam Park or Krishna Inn.

• Luxury: For a high-end experience, look for heritage villas or premium hotels in Thrissur city.

Safety, accessibility, and responsible tourism tips

Kunnamkulam is very safe for solo and international travelers. However, the town center is heavily congested with traffic; pedestrians should exercise caution. When visiting churches or temples, dress modestly (covering shoulders and legs). Avoid using plastic and support local artisans by purchasing locally printed stationery.

Travel Tips for Kunnamkulam

• Language: Malayalam is the primary language, but many locals understand basic English and Hindi.

• Currency: Keep some cash handy for local markets, as small vendors might not accept international cards.

• Navigation: While Google Maps works well, the narrow lanes of the old market can be confusing. Don’t hesitate to ask locals for directions; they are generally very helpful.

• Stay Hydrated: The humidity can be high even in winter; always carry a bottle of water.

• Combine Trips: Since Kunnamkulam is close to Guruvayur, it is best to plan a combined itinerary to visit the famous Guruvayur Sree Krishna Temple.

Is Kunnamkulam worth visiting for international tourists?

Yes, Kunnamkulam offers an authentic, non-commercialized glimpse into Kerala’s mercantile history and religious diversity. It is ideal for travelers who enjoy heritage walks, ancient architecture, and exploring off-the-beaten-path cultural hubs rather than just typical tourist spots.

What is the significance of the printing industry in Kunnamkulam?

The printing industry is the backbone of the town’s economy, earning it the nickname “Printing Hub of Kerala.” It started in the 19th century and today supports thousands of families, producing everything from religious texts to school notebooks and festive paper decorations.

How far is Kunnamkulam from Thrissur city?

Kunnamkulam is approximately 23 kilometers away from Thrissur city. The drive usually takes about 45 to 60 minutes depending on traffic conditions. Regular private and KSRTC buses ply between the two locations every few minutes throughout the day.

Can I visit the Arthat St. Mary’s Cathedral any time?

The cathedral is generally open for visitors during the daytime, typically from 6:00 AM to 6:00 PM. However, it is advisable to visit outside of mass timings to explore the architecture peacefully and avoid disrupting the local religious services.

What should I buy when shopping in Kunnamkulam?

The town is the best place to buy high-quality, affordable paper products, including notebooks, diaries, and handmade greeting cards. You can also find authentic Kerala snacks and areca nut products in the bustling “Angadi” markets at very competitive prices.

Is Kunnamkulam safe for solo female travelers?

Kunnamkulam is considered very safe for solo female travelers. The locals are respectful and helpful. However, as with any busy commercial town, it is best to avoid poorly lit areas late at night and stick to well-populated market regions.

What are the must-try local dishes in Kunnamkulam?

You must try the traditional Kerala Porotta paired with spicy Beef Roast or Chicken Curry. The town also has a variety of Arabian-influenced dishes like Al Faham and Mandi, which have become very popular in the local culinary scene recently.

How many days are enough to explore Kunnamkulam?

One full day is usually sufficient to see the major landmarks like Arthat Cathedral, the printing units, and the megalithic sites. If you plan to visit nearby Guruvayur or the Punnathur Kotta elephant sanctuary, a two-day stay is recommended.

Are there any eco-tourism spots near Kunnamkulam?

While the town itself is a commercial hub, the surrounding areas like Kallaayi Kunnu and the scenic backwaters of Ponnani (a short drive away) offer beautiful natural views and a peaceful environment away from the city’s hustle.

What is the best way to travel within the town?

Auto-rickshaws are the most convenient way to travel within Kunnamkulam. They are readily available and can navigate the narrow streets easily. For longer distances to nearby attractions, hiring a local taxi or using the frequent bus service is ideal.