Palitana Travel Guide: Places to Visit & Things To Do

Palitana is not just a destination; it is a profound spiritual experience carved in marble and perched atop the sacred Shatrunjaya Hills. Located in the Bhavnagar district of Gujarat, India, this ancient city serves as the ultimate pilgrimage site for the Jain community. Often referred to as the “City of Temples,” Palitana holds the unique distinction of being the only mountain in the world with more than 800 temples. For tourists and travel enthusiasts, the sight of hundreds of white marble shrines shimmering under the sun is a spectacle of architectural brilliance and religious devotion.

The city is also globally recognized for its commitment to non-violence. In 2014, Palitana became the first city in the world to be legally vegetarian, banning the sale and consumption of meat and the slaughter of animals. This atmosphere of purity and peace makes it a compelling visit for international travelers seeking a deep dive into India’s spiritual roots. Whether you are a trekker ready to conquer the 3,800 steps to the summit or a history buff eager to explore centuries-old carvings, Palitana offers a serene escape from the modern world.

History & Culture of Palitana

The history of Palitana is inextricably linked with the evolution of Jainism. The Shatrunjaya Hills are believed to have been visited by 23 of the 24 Jain Tirthankaras (spiritual teachers), with the exception of Lord Neminatha. Legend has it that the first Tirthankara, Lord Adinath (also known as Rishabhdev), delivered his first sermon on these very hills, bestowing the site with immense sanctity.

Most of the temples we see today were constructed over a span of 900 years, beginning in the 11th century. However, the site’s history as a place of worship dates back much further. Throughout the centuries, the temples faced several waves of destruction during various invasions, yet the resilient Jain community rebuilt them each time, often with even more grandeur. This cycle of ruin and rebirth has left behind a rich tapestry of architectural styles, primarily representing the Maru-Gurjara style.

Culturally, Palitana is the heartbeat of the Svetambara Jain tradition. The culture here is defined by “Ahimsa” (non-violence) and “Vairagya” (detachment). Every day, thousands of devotees, often dressed in simple white robes, make the arduous climb barefoot as an act of penance and devotion. The local lifestyle is simple, centered around the temple timings and religious rituals, creating a vibe that is remarkably different from the bustling commercial hubs of Gujarat.

What Palitana Is Famous For

Palitana is world-famous for several unique attributes that set it apart from any other religious site. Understanding these highlights will help you appreciate the magnitude of this “City of Temples.”

The World’s Only Vegetarian City

Palitana made international headlines when it became the world’s first city to officially ban meat and eggs. This decision was driven by the Jain monks who went on a hunger strike to ensure that the sacred ground remained untainted by violence against animals. For visitors, this means a unique culinary environment where every eatery serves strictly vegetarian and often “Sattvic” (no onion or garlic) food.

The 863 Marble Temples

The sheer density of temples on Shatrunjaya Hill is unparalleled. There are 863 temples in total, ranging from massive complexes to tiny shrines. These structures are grouped into “Tuks” or enclosures, each protected by high walls. The use of high-quality marble and the intricate carvings on the pillars, ceilings, and domes are a testament to the artistic heights achieved by Indian craftsmen over the centuries.

The Sacred Ascent

The climb to the main temple complex is a significant part of the experience. Tourists must ascend approximately 3,800 stone-cut steps to reach the summit. This journey is not just physical but symbolic of the soul’s journey toward liberation. For those unable to walk, “Dolis” (swing chairs carried by porters) are available, making the spiritual site accessible to everyone.

Things to Do in Palitana

While the primary activity in Palitana is the pilgrimage, the town and its surroundings offer several experiences for the curious traveler.

Climbing the Shatrunjaya Hill

The trek usually begins in the early morning to avoid the midday heat. As you climb, the air becomes cooler, and the panoramic views of the surrounding plains and the Shetrunji River improve with every step. The path is well-maintained, and there are several resting points where you can sip water and take in the view.

Observing Temple Architecture

Once at the top, spend time observing the intricate “Jali” (lattice) work and the “Shikharas” (spires). The Adishwar Temple is the crown jewel, but smaller temples like the Chaumukha Temple offer unique four-faced idols that are equally fascinating.

Shopping for Local Handicrafts

The bazaars at the base of the hill are excellent for picking up local souvenirs. Palitana is known for its high-quality bamboo crafts, hand-woven fabrics, and religious artifacts. You can also find beautiful beaded jewelry and traditional Gujarati “Bandhani” work.

Photography and Nature Walks

The area around the Shetrunji River provides a peaceful setting for nature walks. While photography is restricted inside the sanctum sanctorum of many temples, the exterior architecture and the landscape of the hills are a photographer’s dream.

Places to Visit in Palitana

Your itinerary in Palitana should focus on the hill complexes, but there are gems in the town itself that shouldn’t be missed.

Adishwar Temple

This is the most sacred and magnificent temple in the entire complex. Dedicated to Lord Rishabhdev, the temple is known for its incredibly ornate marble carvings and the golden aura of the main idol. It is the spiritual epicenter of the hill.

Chaumukha Temple

Built in the early 17th century, this temple features a “four-faced” deity of Adinath. The architecture is designed such that the deity is visible from all four cardinal directions. It is famous for its grand domes and the symbolic representation of the five sacred hills of Jainism.

Shri Vishal Jain Museum

Located at the foothills, this museum is a must-visit before you start your climb. It houses a vast collection of ancient manuscripts, Jain artifacts, and detailed models of the temples. It provides the historical context needed to truly appreciate the structures on the hill.

Angar Pir Shrine

Interestingly, nestled among the Jain temples is the shrine of Angar Pir, a Sufi saint. It is a beautiful symbol of India’s syncretic culture. It is a common tradition for childless couples to offer miniature cradles here in the hope of being blessed with a child.

Shatrunjaya Dam

Located a short distance from the town, the dam on the Shetrunji River is a great spot for a quick excursion. The reservoir is particularly beautiful during or after the monsoon, providing a stark contrast to the rocky terrain of the hills.

Travel Guide to Palitana

Navigating a religious town like Palitana requires a bit of planning, especially regarding timings and local customs.

Best time to visit Palitana

The best time to visit is during the winter months (October to March). During this period, the weather is pleasant, with temperatures ranging from 10°C to 24°C, making the long climb manageable.

Monsoon (July to September) is also beautiful as the hills turn lush green, but the steps can become slippery. Summer (April to June) should be avoided, as temperatures often soar above 40°C, making the outdoor trek exhausting and physically taxing.

How to reach Palitana

Palitana is well-connected to major cities in Gujarat and India.

By Air

The nearest airport is Bhavnagar Airport (BVC), located about 51 km away. From there, you can hire a taxi or take a bus. For international travelers, Ahmedabad International Airport (AMD) is the most convenient hub, approximately 215 km away, with frequent flight connections.

By Train

Palitana has its own railway station, which is connected to Bhavnagar and Ahmedabad via local trains. For better connectivity, you can arrive at Bhavnagar Terminus and take a short road journey to Palitana.

By Road

Gujarat has an excellent road network. Regular state transport (GSRTC) buses and private luxury coaches run from Ahmedabad, Vadodara, Surat, and Rajkot. Driving to Palitana is also a popular option for domestic tourists.

Entry fees or ticket details

There is no entry fee to visit the Palitana temples or to climb the Shatrunjaya Hill. However, if you wish to carry a camera or use your mobile phone for photography in the temple complex, you are required to pay a nominal fee (usually around ₹100) at the “Taleti” (base of the hill). Note that photography of the main idols is strictly prohibited.

Local food, cuisine, or specialties

As a strictly vegetarian city, Palitana offers a unique dining experience. The local cuisine is predominantly Gujarati Jain food, prepared without onion, garlic, or root vegetables.

• Gujarati Thali: Expect a spread of rotli, dal, kadhi, and various seasonal vegetable preparations.

• Farsan: Don’t miss out on Dhokla, Khandvi, and Gathiya.

• Health Drinks: On your way up the hill, you will find stalls selling fresh sugarcane juice and curd-based drinks, which are essential for hydration.

Accommodation options

Accommodation in Palitana ranges from traditional pilgrim houses to modern hotels.

Budget

There are numerous Dharamshalas and Yatrik Bhavans (like the Punjabi Jain Yatrik Bhavan) that offer clean, basic rooms at very low rates. Most of these provide Jain meals as well.

Mid-range

Hotels near the Taleti Road offer air-conditioned rooms and modern amenities. Options like Hotel Sumeru or Jainsite Bhavan provide a comfortable stay with easy access to the hill.

Luxury

For luxury, travelers usually stay in Bhavnagar (about an hour away), which features 4-star and 5-star properties like Efcee Sarovar Premiere or Iscon The Fern Resort & Spa. You can then make a day trip to Palitana.

Safety, accessibility, and responsible tourism tips

Palitana is a very safe destination for solo and female travelers. However, keeping the following tips in mind will ensure a smooth trip:

• Physical Fitness: The climb is equivalent to walking up a 100-story building. Ensure you are physically fit or book a Doli in advance.

• Dress Code: Wear conservative clothing that covers your shoulders and knees. Avoid wearing leather items (belts, wallets, bags) into the temples, as they are prohibited.

• Time Management: The temples close at dusk. No one is allowed to stay on the hill overnight, including the priests. Start your descent by 4:00 PM.

• Waste Management: As a sacred site, please do not litter. Carry a reusable water bottle to reduce plastic waste.

• Accessibility: While the steps are steep, the Doli service makes the summit accessible to the elderly and those with disabilities.

Travel Tips for Palitana

To make the most of your visit to this spiritual sanctuary, keep these practical tips in mind:

• Start Early: Aim to reach the base of the hill by 5:30 AM or 6:00 AM. This allows you to finish the climb before the sun gets too strong.

• Footwear: You must remove your footwear before entering the temple complex at the top. Most people leave their shoes at the base or carry them in a bag until the final gate. Wearing thick socks can help protect your feet from the hot stone floors.

• Hydration is Key: Drink plenty of fluids. There are many stalls selling lemon water and buttermilk along the path.

• Respect the Silence: Palitana is a place of deep meditation. Maintain silence within the temple clusters and avoid loud conversations.

• Avoid Leather: To respect Jain sentiments, try to avoid wearing or carrying leather items. Use canvas or synthetic materials instead.

• Medical Check: If you have heart or respiratory issues, consult a doctor before attempting the climb. The air gets slightly thinner as you ascend.

What is the significance of the 3,800 steps in Palitana?

The climb of 3,800 steps represents a spiritual journey of penance and devotion. For Jains, every step taken toward the summit is a way to shed karma and move closer to spiritual liberation (Moksha), making the physical effort a central part of the pilgrimage.

Is Palitana safe for international solo travelers?

Yes, Palitana is extremely safe for international solo travelers. The town is peaceful, and the local community is welcoming. Because it is a major pilgrimage site, there is a constant flow of people, and the crime rate is exceptionally low compared to larger cities.

Can non-Jains visit the temples at the top of Shatrunjaya Hill?

Absolutely. People of all faiths and backgrounds are welcome to visit the Palitana temples. The site is a marvel of art and history that attracts tourists worldwide. Visitors only need to follow the local customs, such as removing shoes and dressing modestly.

Why is no one allowed to stay on the hill overnight?

According to Jain tradition, the hilltop is the abode of the gods. To maintain its sanctity and ensure that no worldly activities disturb the divine energy, everyone—including the priests and security staff—must descend to the base of the hill before sunset.

Are there any specific food restrictions in Palitana?

Yes, Palitana is a strictly vegetarian city. The sale of meat, fish, and eggs is legally prohibited. Most local restaurants also follow “Jain food” principles, meaning they do not use root vegetables like onions, garlic, or potatoes in their preparations.

What should I wear when visiting the temples?

Visitors should wear modest clothing that covers the shoulders and legs. Traditional Indian attire like Salwar Kameez or long trousers and T-shirts are recommended. Avoid wearing leather belts, shoes, or carrying leather bags, as leather is not permitted inside the sacred enclosures.

How much does a Doli (palanquin) service cost?

The cost of a Doli varies depending on the weight of the passenger and whether you want a round trip. Generally, it ranges from ₹1,500 to ₹4,000. It is a vital service for those who cannot climb the stairs due to age or health issues.

Are there facilities for drinking water on the trek?

Yes, there are several stations along the trekking path that provide drinking water and refreshments. However, it is highly recommended to carry your own reusable water bottle to ensure you stay hydrated between the designated refreshment stops.

How long does it take to complete the Palitana trek?

On average, it takes about 1.5 to 2.5 hours to climb up and about 1 to 1.5 hours to come down. Most visitors spend another 2 hours exploring the vast temple complex at the summit, making it a 5-6 hour total excursion.

What is the “Navanu Yatra” in Palitana?

The Navanu Yatra is a special pilgrimage where devotees perform the climb 99 times over a period of about two months. This is considered an act of great spiritual merit and usually takes place during the winter months when the weather is favorable.