Varkala

Varkala is a hidden gem tucked away in the southern state of Kerala, India, offering a coastal experience unlike any other in the country. Known primarily for its dramatic red laterite cliffs that stand tall against the turquoise waters of the Arabian Sea, this small town provides a perfect blend of adventure, spirituality, and relaxation. While many travelers head to the busier shores of Kovalam or the party scenes of Goa, Varkala maintains a unique identity—a sanctuary for those seeking a “hippie-chill” vibe combined with deep-rooted Indian traditions.

As the only place in southern Kerala where cliffs are found adjacent to the sea, the geological formation here is so significant that it has been declared a national geological monument. Below these towering cliffs lie pristine stretches of sand, most notably the Papanasam Beach, where the waves are as inviting for surfers as they are for pilgrims. Whether you are a solo backpacker looking for a cliffside cafe to work from, a couple seeking a romantic sunset, or a spiritual seeker interested in ancient temples and Ayurveda, Varkala welcomes all with open arms and a gentle sea breeze.

History & Culture of Varkala

The history of Varkala is a tapestry woven with ancient legends and colonial footprints. Locally, the town is often referred to as Janardanapuram, named after the 2,000-year-old Janardhana Swamy Temple that anchors the town’s spiritual life. According to Hindu mythology, the sage Narada was once followed by Lord Vishnu to this very spot. It is said that Narada threw his ‘valkala’ (a garment made of tree bark) and it landed here, giving the town its name.

Culturally, Varkala is a “Melting Pot” where traditional Malayali customs meet a global bohemian influence. For centuries, it has been a significant pilgrimage site, often called the “Dakshina Kashi” (Kashi of the South) because of its religious importance for performing final rites for ancestors. In the early 20th century, the great social reformer Sree Narayana Guru established the Sivagiri Mutt here, turning Varkala into a beacon of social equality and enlightenment. Today, you will see traditional Kathakali dancers performing near the cliffside while international travelers practice sun salutations on the sand, showcasing the town’s harmonious cultural evolution.

What Varkala Is Famous For

Varkala is most famous for its stunning geographical feature known as the “Varkala Formation.” These 15-meter high red cliffs provide a natural balcony overlooking the ocean, lined with vibrant shops, restaurants, and guest houses. It is one of the few places in India where you can dine on a cliff-top while watching the sun dip directly into the sea.

Beyond its geology, Varkala is renowned as a premier destination for spiritual healing and wellness. It is a major hub for Ayurveda and Yoga, with numerous retreats offering traditional treatments that have been practiced for generations. The town is also famous for the “Papanasam” waters. Locals and tourists alike believe that the natural springs flowing from the cliffs into the sea possess medicinal properties and that a dip in these waters can wash away one’s sins. For the modern traveler, Varkala has also gained fame as one of the best surfing destinations in India, thanks to its consistent beach breaks and surf schools that cater to beginners.

Things to Do in Varkala

The beauty of Varkala lies in its slow pace, but there is no shortage of activities for those who want to stay active.

Surfing and Water Sports

The waves at Varkala and nearby Edava Beach are perfect for those looking to learn surfing. Several surf schools offer daily lessons and board rentals. If surfing isn’t your speed, you can try parasailing from the cliff, jet skiing, or stand-up paddleboarding in the calmer morning waters.

Yoga and Ayurvedic Wellness

You cannot leave Varkala without experiencing its wellness culture. Many rooftop cafes and dedicated ashrams offer drop-in yoga classes at sunrise and sunset. For a deeper experience, book a traditional Abhyanga (oil massage) or a multi-day Ayurvedic detox program to rejuvenate your body and mind.

Cliff Walking and Shopping

The North Cliff promenade is a pedestrian-only stretch that is perfect for a leisurely stroll. You can shop for Tibetan handicrafts, silver jewelry, incense, and breezy linen clothing. The bargaining is friendly, and the ocean views are constant companions as you browse the stalls.

Watching the Sunset

The Varkala sunset is a daily ritual. Find a spot at one of the many cliffside cafes—such as Coffee Temple or Darjeeling Cafe—order a fresh juice or a plate of grilled fish, and watch the sky transform into shades of violet and gold.

Places to Visit in Varkala

While the beach is the main draw, Varkala and its surroundings offer several historical and natural landmarks.

Papanasam Beach

This is the main beach of Varkala, split into the bustling southern part near the temple and the more relaxed northern part under the cliff. It is a sacred site where you can witness ancient rituals being performed alongside modern sunbathers.

Janardhana Swamy Temple

Perched on a hill near the beach, this 2000-year-old temple dedicated to Lord Vishnu is a masterpiece of Kerala architecture. The intricate wood carvings and the ancient temple bell, gifted by a Dutch ship captain in the 18th century, are highlights for history buffs.

Sivagiri Mutt

Located atop the Sivagiri hill, this is the headquarters of the Sree Narayana Dharma Sangham. It is a peaceful complex that houses the samadhi (final resting place) of the Guru and attracts thousands of devotees during the pilgrimage season (December 30th to January 1st).

Kappil Lake and Beach

Located about 7 kilometers north of the main cliff, Kappil is where the backwaters meet the sea. You can rent a boat to explore the mangrove forests or simply enjoy the drive along the narrow road that separates the lake from the ocean.

Anjengo Fort and Lighthouse

For a dose of colonial history, visit this 17th-century fort built by the British East India Company. Nearby, the Varkala Lighthouse offers a panoramic 360-degree view of the coastline and the dense coconut groves that define Kerala’s landscape.

Travel Guide to Varkala

Planning a trip to Varkala is relatively straightforward as the town is well-integrated into Kerala’s tourism infrastructure.

Best time to visit Varkala

The ideal time to visit is from October to March. During these months, the weather is pleasant, the skies are clear, and the sea is calm enough for swimming and surfing. December and January are the peak months when the town is most vibrant but also most crowded. The monsoon season (June to September) transforms the landscape into a lush green paradise. While beach activities are restricted due to high tides and rain, it is the best time for Ayurvedic treatments as the body is said to be most receptive to healing during the rainy season.

How to reach Varkala

Varkala is well-connected to major cities in Kerala and neighboring states.

By Air

The nearest airport is Trivandrum International Airport (TRV), located approximately 45 kilometers away. From the airport, you can take a pre-paid taxi (about 1.5 hours) or a bus to reach Varkala.

By Rail

Varkala Sivagiri Railway Station is the main railhead and is located just 3 kilometers from the beach area. It is a major stop on the line between Thiruvananthapuram and Kochi, making it easily accessible from almost any part of India.

By Road

Regular KSRTC buses run from Thiruvananthapuram and Kollam. If you are driving, the journey from Thiruvananthapuram takes about an hour via the coastal road, offering scenic views of the Arabian Sea.

Entry fees or ticket details

Most of the natural attractions in Varkala, including the beaches and the cliff, are free to access.

• Varkala Lighthouse: There is a nominal entry fee of approximately ₹20-50 for adults.

• Anjengo Fort: Entry is free.

• Janardhana Swamy Temple: Entry is free, though non-Hindus may be restricted from entering the inner sanctum.

Local food, cuisine, or specialties

Varkala is a seafood lover’s paradise. In the evenings, cliffside restaurants display the catch of the day—red snapper, prawns, calamari, and kingfish—which can be grilled to your preference.

• Kerala Sadya: Try a traditional meal served on a banana leaf at local eateries in the town.

• Healthy Cafes: Due to the yoga culture, you will find plenty of vegan-friendly options, smoothie bowls, and organic salads.

• Local Snacks: Don’t miss the “Pazham Pori” (banana fritters) and “Unniyappam” from local tea stalls.

Accommodation options

Varkala offers a wide range of stays to suit every budget.

Luxury

• Gateway Varkala – IHCL SeleQtions: Offers high-end amenities with great views.

• The Leela Ashtamudi (Nearby): For those seeking ultimate luxury a short drive away.

Mid-Range

• InDa Hotel: Known for its artistic vibe and excellent cafe.

• Clafouti Beach Resort: Offers traditional Kerala-style cottages right on the cliff edge.

Budget

• The Lost Hostels: A popular choice for solo travelers and backpackers.

• Homestays: Numerous local families offer clean, affordable rooms (₹800–₹1500) set back from the cliff, providing a more authentic experience.

Safety, accessibility, and responsible tourism tips

• Sea Safety: The currents at Varkala can be very strong. Always swim in the designated zones and pay attention to the flags and lifeguards.

• Accessibility: The cliff path involves many steps to get down to the beach, which may be challenging for those with mobility issues. However, the town area and several resorts are easily accessible.

• Responsible Tourism: Varkala faces challenges with plastic waste. Please use reusable water bottles and avoid leaving any trash on the beach. Respect the local culture by dressing modestly when visiting the temple or the town area.

Travel Tips for Varkala

• Carry Cash: While many cafes on the cliff now accept cards or UPI, some smaller shops and local transport (auto-rickshaws) still prefer cash. There are a few ATMs near the Helipad and in the town.

• Pack Light: Bring breathable cotton clothes, a good pair of flip-flops, and plenty of sunscreen. If you plan to visit the temple, carry a shawl or sarong to cover your shoulders and legs.

• Rent a Scooter: To explore nearby spots like Kappil or Anjengo, renting a scooter (around ₹400–₹600 per day) is the most convenient and fun way to get around.

• Stay Hydrated: The Kerala sun can be intense. Drink plenty of tender coconut water, which is sold everywhere and is a natural electrolyte.

• Book Ahead: If you are visiting during the Christmas or New Year period, book your accommodation at least two months in advance as the best cliffside spots fill up quickly.

Is Varkala safe for solo female travelers?

Varkala is widely considered one of the safest beach destinations in India for solo female travelers. The local community is accustomed to international tourists, and the vibe is generally respectful. However, it is always wise to avoid walking in unlit areas late at night and to stay aware of your surroundings.

Can I swim in the sea at Varkala Beach?

Yes, you can swim at Varkala Beach, but you must be cautious. The Arabian Sea here has a strong undertow and powerful waves. It is highly recommended to stay within the areas patrolled by lifeguards and avoid swimming during the monsoon season when the sea is particularly rough.

What is the difference between North Cliff and South Cliff?

The North Cliff is the heart of the tourist action, filled with cafes, shops, and a lively atmosphere. The South Cliff is much quieter, with fewer commercial establishments and more private resorts, making it ideal for those seeking peace and seclusion away from the crowds.

Are there any dress code requirements for the temples in Varkala?

When visiting the Janardhana Swamy Temple or Sivagiri Mutt, visitors are expected to dress modestly. Men should ideally wear trousers or a dhoti, and women should cover their shoulders and knees. Some parts of the temple may require men to remove their shirts before entering the inner sanctum.

How many days are enough to see Varkala?

A 3 to 4-day trip is usually sufficient to cover the main attractions, enjoy the beach, and visit nearby spots like Kappil Lake. However, many travelers choose to stay for a week or more to fully immerse themselves in yoga retreats or Ayurvedic healing programs.

Is alcohol easily available in Varkala?

Kerala has specific laws regarding alcohol. While you won’t find many “bars,” several restaurants on the cliff serve beer and wine. Hard liquor is generally only available at government-authorized shops in the town or in high-end luxury hotels.

What is the local language, and is English spoken?

The local language is Malayalam. However, due to the high volume of international tourism, English is very widely spoken and understood by shopkeepers, hotel staff, and auto-rickshaw drivers. Many locals also understand basic Hindi and Tamil.

Are there good medical facilities in Varkala?

Varkala has several clinics and a government hospital that can handle minor medical issues. For more serious emergencies, the capital city of Thiruvananthapuram is only about an hour away and is home to some of the best multi-specialty hospitals in India.

Can I find vegetarian or vegan food in Varkala?

Varkala is an excellent destination for vegetarians and vegans. Most cliffside cafes offer extensive plant-based menus, including smoothie bowls, vegan curries, and salads. Traditional Kerala cuisine also features a wide variety of delicious vegetarian dishes made with coconut and local spices.

Is it easy to find high-speed internet in Varkala?

Most cafes and hotels on the North Cliff offer free Wi-Fi, which is generally reliable for basic browsing and social media. However, if you are a digital nomad requiring very high speeds for video calls, it is recommended to check specific reviews or use a local 4G/5G SIM card.